Mac安装配置管理Memcached和Zookeeper
零 背景说明
近期进入公司内部一个Java项目组，该项目中需要用到Memcached和Zookeeper。之前，我都是在Linux服务器上配置安装好这两个软件，然后从Git服务器上clone代码，然后本地开发环境的代码中，将它们的连接和配置信息，指向Linux服务器上的配置。本地机器上并不安装这2个软件，现在想着还是在本地机器上安装配置好这2个软件，然后开发环境的代码中不做变动和配置更改，clone项目代码到本地开发机器上，直接debug启动测试，进入开发。
一 安装配置管理Zookeeper
1 下载解压Zookeeper软件
Zookeeper官网地址：https://zookeeper.apache.org/
下载地址：https://zookeeper.apache.org/releases.html
下载对应OS版本的软件，并解压。下载到/Users/asher/Downloads路径下，通过tar -zxvf 命令，解压到/Users/asher/Documents路径下：
$ ls -lrt /Users/asher/Downloads/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin.tar.gz -rw-r--r--@ 1 asher staff 12387614 Jul 8 14:09 /Users/asher/Downloads/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin.tar.gz asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~ $ ls -lrt /Users/asher/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/ total 48 drwxr-xr-x@ 17 asher staff 544 Mar 17 17:45 bin -rw-r--r--@ 1 asher staff 3570 Mar 17 17:45 README_packaging.md -rw-r--r--@ 1 asher staff 2214 Mar 17 17:45 README.md -rw-r--r--@ 1 asher staff 432 Mar 17 17:45 NOTICE.txt -rw-r--r--@ 1 asher staff 11358 Mar 17 17:45 LICENSE.txt drwxr-xr-x@ 25 asher staff 800 Mar 17 17:45 docs drwxr-xr-x@ 60 asher staff 1920 Jul 8 14:09 lib drwxr-xr-x 4 asher staff 128 Jul 8 14:11 logs drwxr-xr-x@ 6 asher staff 192 Jul 8 14:11 conf asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~ $
2 编辑修改配置文件
默认情况下，在解压出来的路径下，apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/conf/有一个名为系统自带的 zoo_sample.cfg配置文件，我们将该文件重命名为 zoo.cfg，或者利用该文件copy生成一个新的名为zoo.cfg的配置文件 。
为啥这么做呢？因为，默认启动Zookeeper的时候，会自动读取解压路径下的conf路径下的名为zoo.cfg配置文件。另外，生成新的zoo.cfg配置文件之后，暂时不需要对该文件做其它配置。有需要的时候，再做调整和修改。
否则的话，你在启动Zookeeper的时候，可能会遇到下述错误：
$ ./zkServer.sh start & [1] 80924 asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin $ ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default Using config: /Users/asher/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg grep: /Users/asher/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg: No such file or directory grep: /Users/asher/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg: No such file or directory mkdir: : No such file or directory Starting zookeeper ... ./zkServer.sh: line 175: /zookeeper_server.pid: Permission denied FAILED TO WRITE PID [1]+ Exit 1 ./zkServer.sh start asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin $
3 启动Zookeeper
进入/Users/asher/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin路径下，通过执行zkServer.sh脚本文件来启动和管理Zookeeper。
$ ./zkServer.sh
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /Users/asher/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Usage: ./zkServer.sh [--config <conf-dir>] {start|start-foreground|stop|version|restart|status|print-cmd}
asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin
$ ./zkServer.sh version
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /Users/asher/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Apache ZooKeeper, version 3.7.0 2021-03-17 09:46 UTC
asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin
$ ./zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /Users/asher/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2181. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Error contacting service. It is probably not running.
asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin
$ ./zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /Users/asher/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin
$ ./zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /Users/asher/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2181. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Mode: standalone
asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin
$ 后续，可以直接启动运行在后台：
$ ./zkServer.sh start & [1] 81042 asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin $ ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default Using config: /Users/asher/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Starting zookeeper ... STARTED [1]+ Done ./zkServer.sh start asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/Documents/apache-zookeeper-3.7.0-bin/bin $
二 安装配置启动Memcached
由于Mac上安装Memcached的方式很多，我这里选择采用编译源码的方式进行安装。编译Memcached源代码的方式进行安装，有两个基本前提条件：
Mac上已经有C编译器；
Mac上已经安装lib events library;
如果你的系统行，没有安装lib events library的话，那么在后面编译Memcached进行安装的时候，你可能会遇到下述错误：
$ cd memcached-1.6.9
asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/Documents/memcached-1.6.9
$ ./configure && make && make test
checking build system type... x86_64-apple-darwin18.7.0
...
checking for library containing gethostbyname... none required
checking for libevent directory... configure: error: libevent is required. You can get it from https://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/
If it's already installed, specify its path using --with-libevent=/dir/
asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/Documents/memcached-1.6.9
$ make install
make: *** No rule to make target `install'. Stop.
asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/Documents/memcached-1.6.9
$ 1 检查C编译器
$ which gcc /usr/bin/gcc asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~ $ gcc -v Configured with: --prefix=/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr --with-gxx-include-dir=/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include/c++/4.2.1 Apple LLVM version 10.0.1 (clang-1001.0.46.4) Target: x86_64-apple-darwin18.7.0 Thread model: posix InstalledDir: /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~ $
如果没有C编译器的话，则需要先安装它。可以通过安装苹果自家的XCode软件，进而自动安装C编译器。
2 检查并安装lib events library
下载解压lib events library:
$ curl -OL https://github.com/libevent/libevent/releases/download/release-2.1.8-stable/libevent-2.1.8-stable.tar.gz
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 632 100 632 0 0 922 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 921
100 1002k 100 1002k 0 0 771k 0 0:00:01 0:00:01 --:--:-- 771k
asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~
$ tar -xvf libevent-2.1.8-stable.tar.gz
x libevent-2.1.8-stable/
...
asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~
$编译安装lib events library:
$ cd libevent-2.1.8-stable asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/libevent-2.1.8-stable $ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/ checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/local/bin/ginstall -c ... $ make GEN test/rpcgen-attempted ... asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/libevent-2.1.8-stable $ make install /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/make install-am ... /usr/local/bin/ginstall -c -m 644 libevent.pc libevent_core.pc libevent_extra.pc libevent_pthreads.pc '/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig' asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/libevent-2.1.8-stable $
安装之后，可以通过otool来检查libevent。
$ otool -L /usr/local/lib/libevent.a Archive : /usr/local/lib/libevent.a /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(buffer.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(bufferevent.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(bufferevent_filter.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(bufferevent_pair.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(bufferevent_ratelim.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(bufferevent_sock.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(event.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(evmap.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(evthread.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(evutil.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(evutil_rand.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(evutil_time.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(listener.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(log.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(select.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(poll.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(kqueue.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(signal.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(evdns.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(event_tagging.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(evrpc.o): /usr/local/lib/libevent.a(http.o): asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~ $
3 下载、安装、启动Memcached
Memcached官网：https://memcached.org/
下载解压：
$ cp Downloads/memcached-1.6.9.tar.gz ~/Documents/ asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~ $ cd Documents/ asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/Documents $ tar -zxvf memcached-1.6.9.tar.gz x memcached-1.6.9/ ...
执行安装：
参照官网给的安装命令：https://memcached.org/downloads
wget http://memcached.org/latest tar -zxvf memcached-1.x.x.tar.gz cd memcached-1.x.x ./configure && make && make test && sudo make install
$ cd memcached-1.6.9 asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/Documents/memcached-1.6.9 $ ./configure && make && make test && sudo make install checking build system type... x86_64-apple-darwin18.7.0 checking host system type... x86_64-apple-darwin18.7.0 ... 中间执行make test过程中出现失败，导致后面的安装命令没执行。这里先跳过测试，直接重新执行安装的命令。 $ make install /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/make install-recursive Making install in doc /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/make install-am make[4]: Nothing to be done for `install-exec-am'. /usr/local/bin/gmkdir -p '/usr/local/share/man/man1' /usr/local/bin/ginstall -c -m 644 memcached.1 '/usr/local/share/man/man1' /usr/local/bin/gmkdir -p '/usr/local/bin' /usr/local/bin/ginstall -c memcached '/usr/local/bin' /usr/local/bin/gmkdir -p '/usr/local/include/memcached' /usr/local/bin/ginstall -c -m 644 protocol_binary.h '/usr/local/include/memcached' asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/Documents/memcached-1.6.9 $
启动Memcached:
$ which memcached /usr/local/bin/memcached asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/Documents/memcached-1.6.9 $ memcached -d asher at MacBook-Air-3 in ~/Documents/memcached-1.6.9 $
三 小结
至此，在Mac上完成了对Zookeeper和Memcached软件的安装配置和启动。